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A swapped genetic code prevents viral infections and gene transfer

Nature. 2023-03; 
Akos Nyerges, Svenja Vinke, Regan Flynn, Siân V Owen, Eleanor A Rand, Bogdan Budnik, Eric Keen, Kamesh Narasimhan, Jorge A Marchand, Maximilien Baas-Thomas, Min Liu, Kangming Chen, Anush Chiappino-Pepe, Fangxiang Hu, Michael Baym, George M Church
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摘要

Engineering the genetic code of an organism has been proposed to provide a firewall from natural ecosystems by preventing viral infections and gene transfer. However, numerous viruses and mobile genetic elements encode parts of the translational apparatus, potentially rendering a genetic-code-based firewall ineffective. Here we show that such mobile transfer RNAs (tRNAs) enable gene transfer and allow viral replication in Escherichia coli despite the genome-wide removal of 3 of the 64 codons and the previously essential cognate tRNA and release factor genes. We then establish a genetic firewall by discovering viral tRNAs that provide exceptionally efficient codon reassignment allowing us to develop cells bearin... More

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